Establishment of a Public Relations Department within a Holiday Resort Essay - 2

Foundation of a Public Relations Department inside a Holiday Resort in the Flinders Ranges Promoting Eco-Tourism - Essay Example This paper delineates that the objective of PR by an organization is to convince the speculators, open, representatives, accomplices, and partners to maintain a perspective about advertising, its items, authority or political choices.  Activities including open connection incorporate talking at gatherings, working with the press, worker correspondence and winning industry grants. As indicated by Danish Public Relations Association, PR is an administration work that arranges open perspectives; characterize the interests, strategies, and approaches of an organization followed by actualizing a program of activity to win open acknowledgment and comprehension. A foundation of PR division is basic in building the relationship that advance, advantage and advances the notoriety of the Holiday Resort. Being an eco-the travel industry part, picking up the certainty of its customers is vital, and this is encouraged through promoting the company’s administrations and item. Improving not oriety is a principal target of most associations. All things considered, a PR division makes a mechanical organization and solid network meaning expanded profitability. The open connection will be crucial in keeping up the Holiday Resort’s picture and passing on its data to the overall population, speculators, and clients. A positive impression of Holiday Resort is probably going to build the quantity of visitors both locally and globally as it improves its primary concern. The open Relation experts will work intimately with the CEO to make a diagram of how the Holiday Resort will be seen and help with intending to structure a positive picture. Not at all like in showcasing, the open connection experts target arranging interviews with customers, composing the public statement and giving data on the company’s accomplishments.

Working Capital Management Essay Example for Free

Working Capital Management Essay Steel contains one of the most significant contributions to all parts of economy. Economy of any nation relies upon the solid base of the iron and steel industry. Steel is adaptable material with huge number of valuable properties,â making it irreplaceable for advancing and accomplishing proceeding with development of the economy-be it development, assembling, foundation or consumables. The degree of steel utilization has for quite some time been viewed as a file of industrialization and monetary development achieved by nation. Keeping in see the significant of steel, the coordinated steel plants with outside joint efforts were set up in the open segment in the post-autonomy period. Capital is fundamental for setting up and smooth running of any business. Ventures made on fixed resources will yield abundance each money inflows separated from the compensation back sum and is spread over a more extended timeframe. Consequently the money inflows (or) advantages related are not quick but rather are normal later on. Money inflows outpourings happen consistently if there should arise an occurrence of current resources. Credit shapes a basic component in the business (credit given to clients 7 credit from liabilities, providers). Since there is some time log from the mine of deals acknowledgment current resources current which together comprise the net working capital, underpins the business in its ordinary of tasks. This requires a proficient administration of working capital. The arrangements, techniques and measures taken for overseeing capital again further significance in an association like RINL where the working capital necessities runs in crores or rupees. Any botch with respect to power won't worthwhile motivation misfortune yet may even disable business activities. It is in this setting working capital has picked up significance. The development of any association relies upon the general execution, for example, creation, showcasing, human asset and money related execution of the associat ion. The money related execution of the any association mirrors the quality, shortcoming, openings and strings of the association regarding benefits earned, ventures, deals acknowledgment, turnover, rate of profitability, total assets of capital. Productive administration of monetary assets and purposeful investigation money related outcomes are pre essential for achievement of an undertaking. In that working capital administration is one of the major and significant regions of money related administration. Overseeing of working capital infers overseeing of current resources of the organization like money, stock, records of sales, advances a development, bank adjusts and current liabilities like various loan bosses premium installments and arrangement. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited is a multi-item steel-fabricating unit with varyingâ cycle time for every item. The capital required by every office in an enormous association like RINL relies upon the item focus for that. Specific year, welcomes the requirement for a successful working capital administration. Checking the length of the activity cycle is a significant part of working capital administration and control for an Effective administration. RINL is currently on its chance round way and necessities to cut expense and increment its income its income in this manner it must need to keep close mind the everyday costs and to receive a most extreme use in return. Some unmistakable issues ought to consistently be considered like: The span of crude material stage relies upon the normality of flexibly, exchanges time, level of die capacity, value capacity, value vacillations, and financial aspects of mass buys. The span of the work in progress stage depends of Length of the assembling cycle, consistency in limit usage Different stages and productive coordination of different information sources. The length at debtors’ stage relies upon the credit time frame Granted, rebate offered for brief inst allments and proficiency and meticulousness of assortment endeavors. In this manner a point by point study with respect to the working capital administration in RINL is to be done to think about the adequacy of working capital administration, distinguish the weakness in the board and to propose for development in working capital administration. â€Å"Working Capital is the Life-Blood and Controlling Nerve Center of a business† Working capital administration is worried about the issues that emerge in endeavoring to deal with the present resources, the present liabilities and the bury relationship that exists between them .The term current resources allude to those advantages which in the conventional course of business can be, or will be, changed over into money inside one year without experiencing a reduction in esteem and without upsetting the tasks of firm. The significant current resources are money, attractive protections, records of sales and stock. Current liabilities are those liabilities which are expected, at their beginning, to be paid in the conventional course of business, inside a year, out of the present resources or winning of the worry. The fundamental current liabilities are creditor liability, charges payable; bank over draft, and exceptional costs, the objective of working capital administration is to deal with the firm’s current resources and liabilities in such manner that an acceptable degree of working capital is kept up.

Teaching Splash (and Overcoming the Impostor Syndrome)

Teaching Splash (and Overcoming the Impostor Syndrome) Haley C. ‘18 is a sophomore living in East Campus and studying Course 6-2 (Electrical Engineering and Computer Science). They are also passionate about education. We bonded over several different teaching projects, most recently in 11.124 Introduction to Education. I loved hearing about Haley’s experience teaching Splash, a weekend for high school students to come to campus and learn a variety of topics from MIT students. Hope you enjoy it as well! ________________________ Hi, guys! My name is Haley, and I’m a sophomore in EECS. I also really love teaching. Unsurprisingly, then, one of my favorite weekends of the year is Splash weekend, when I go all out and don’t sleep or work as much as I probably should. Splash weekend starts rather early for me. I wake up at an absurd time in the morning and headed over to check-in. This is a three-hour shift of giving excited students their schedules, informing parents where they can purchase meal tickets and how to get to Lobby 10, and shuffling through stacks of student registration forms, asking “does ‘r’ come before or after ‘n’?” to myself over and over. Since the previous week had been spent working in a haze trying to make sure I was completely caught up in my classes, seeing and interacting with smiling people was energizing. After this, I had approximately an hour-long break before the chaos of my schedule kicked in. I had decided at one point that it was a brilliant idea to sign up for 11 hours of classes. I don’t regret making that decision, but my days became more stressful than I had originally anticipated. I weaved through the horde of students in the Infinite to get to lobby 10 (when you come to MIT, either as students or to visit, please please please walk at a reasonable pace through the Infinite). The Bush Room was a haven just off lobby 10, where teachers could grab snacks and hang out during their free time. I saw a lot of familiar faces preparing for classes they’d teach later that day. After all, we are MIT students and we do procrastinate. While I was sitting and looking around, the second-hand energy I’d gotten from the excitement of high schoolers began to wear off. I listened to the discussions around me. Everyone else seemed to be teaching really advanced and high-level STEM topics. I mostly stuck to the Humanities: Game Theory and Social Behavior, History of Education, Introduction to Mental Health, KnitKnitKnit. I tried to teach some math topics, but more because of the feeling that I should be teaching technical classes than out of a desire to teach them. The “should” feeling came from Impostor Syndrome, the worry and doubt and feeling that I’m not good enough. The emphasis in Splash is on what you’re teaching, or how many classes you’re teaching, with little consideration for how students learn or how teachers deliver the information. While it’s fantastic that people have such diverse and deep interests, it quickly becomes intimidating when you feel as if everyone around you is teaching things that you don’t understand. Especially if you’re now in your second year at MIT and feel like surely you must have learned something, but now you can’t remember a single thing. Clearly everyone else knows what they are doing and learned all of the material in their classes. Suddenly, you fall into a spiral of “how do i even go to school here? why do i even go to school here if i can’t even remember any of my class materials?” Last Spring I was feeling these worries even more so than this year. One weakness in my teaching is that I have a hard time interacting with the know-it-all student who interrupts with questions to let everyone else in the class know how smart they are. They raise their hand and ask questions beyond the scope of the class and talk over other students. When I taught a classroom of middle schoolers about elementary particles, a student like this sat in the middle of the classroom and fired question after question, corrected me with small technicalities left and right. I cried after class: “why am i even at MIT, when there are middle schoolers who know more than i do, and are an order of magnitude more confident?” While it has taken me a long time, I’m just now beginning to feel okay with both my peers who are ridiculously good in STEM and the students calling out in class. I have been constantly learning to recognize my strengths in teaching, tutoring, empathy and reminding myself that, while MIT puts an emphasis on having technical skill over people skills, the people skills are no less valuable. I was much happier this Splash when I (partially) came to terms with this understanding. Even though I did get a little discouraged by the knowledge that my classes weren’t as difficult or rigorous as those of my friends’, I was able to shed those worries as soon as I was in front of a classroom. My favorite class to teach was Game Theory and Social Behavior. As I have presented this topic time and time again, I focused almost entirely on the presentation of the material. I did need to lecture for some of the time, which is my least favorite way to teach, but I needed to teach students basic concepts about game theory. In addition to lecture, students got to act out a game theory situation, or Iead a discussion on behavior, which allowed them to connect the material to their lives. From 11.124 Introduction to Education, I knew techniques to bridge the gap between student misconceptions and understanding, to incorporate checks and assessments to judge student understanding and vary pace accordingly (also to ensure that the students don’t get bored). I did eventually teach a technical class on fuzzy Set Theory. After 4 hours of teaching at that point, I was quite tired. A friend of mine came in to borrow a whiteboard marker, and I gave him a full one (not realizing that the one I saved for myself was dry). Not having a board to write on in a math class threw off my flow for a few minutes. Fortunately, one of the Splash volunteers came to give me a large piece of paper and a Sharpie. Trying to hang up this paper on the wall was a challenge, and it fell down a few times. When one of the students snarked about “MIT engineering at work,” I maintained my calm and asked him to hang it up, and was very satisfied when he said it was harder than it looked and apologized. What I learned is that one of the best things someone can do when they start feeling like an impostor is to remember a few important things: A wide variety of skills are needed for a group of people to succeed together. Technical skills or straight-A grades are not the only ways to be successful (props to you if you are awesome in these areas though!). Everyone is good at something, whether it’s juggling or making people laugh or chemistry or math or taking photos or writing. All of these skills have worth and value. Even if it doesn’t seem like it now. Stay warm and stay awesome!

Piaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development Theory - 900 Words

The cognitive development theory refers to the ability to learn through thinking and reasoning. Theorist Jean Piaget developed the stages of cognitive developmental according to age and how individuals learn through their environment and senses. These stages are from infant to teenage years. The first stage of Piaget’s Stages of Development is called Sensorimotor, which are ages 0-2. It describes how babies learn through their environment. The Next stages is preoperational for ages two through seven. During this stage, a child uses his or her own logic to express thinking. From the seven to eleven years of age, a child is in the Concrete Operational stage, where he or she will use hands-on experience to develop knowledge. The final stage is Formal Operational. Between the ages of eleven and fifteen, an adolescent develops a more abstract form of knowledge. One of the main differences between these stages is object permanence. Piaget designed these stages in a rigid format. Th is theory does not allow individual experience and background to be considered. In conclusion, a weakness of this theory is that is doesn’t mention how culture impacts learning. A strength of this theory is that it acts as a guide for educators to provide variation while lesson planning. The video, The Word Wall, showed children learning through the cognitive development theory. With the first girl, the paraprofessional did not correct the child’s phonetic way of spelling of the word cat. By notShow MoreRelatedCritically Evaluate Piaget s Stage Theory Of Cognitive Development1605 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluate Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development Jean Piaget’s (1896-1980) theory of cognitive development is considered of significant importance and use, so much so, there has been considerable research to test his theories, but also, to refute his claims. Despite numerous objections to Piaget’s findings, I will maintain that Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development is continuously influential in contemporary psychology. I will briefly outline and explain Piaget’s four stages and due toRead MorePiaget s Stage Theory Account For Children s Cognitive Development1759 Words   |  8 PagesHow well does Piaget’s stage theory account for children’s cognitive development? Intro Piaget believed there were four stages in a child’s cognitive development and sub stages within these stages. These stages have been the object of debate since Piaget introduced them and are still continuously debated. All of the stages are very concrete and large scale. They don’t account for children at a particular age who are behind or ahead. Piaget underestimated the capability of children to do particularRead MorePiaget s Eight Stages Of Development And Vygotsky s Theory On Cognitive Development Essay2193 Words   |  9 Pagesthrough life has helped me to understand that everything that happens is just apart of life. Two theories that I would like to focus on that I believe have had the biggest impact in my life are, Erikson’s eight stages of development and Vygotsky’s theory on cognitive development. Erikson’s theory is based off of 8 stages ranging from ages â€Å"zero† (birth); where we learn to either trust our caregiver(s) or we develop mistrust where we may become suspicious or anxious. Up until death, where we end withRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development And Kohlberg s Stages Of Moral Development1439 Words   |  6 Pageslife stages that I focused on are: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development and Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development. According to psychologist Jean Piaget, kids progress through a progression of four basis phases of cognitive advancement. Every stage is stamped by the movements in how children comprehend the world. Following his perceptions, he reasoned that children were not less intelligent than adults, they sim ply think in an unexpected way. Through his perceptions of his kids, Piaget builtRead MoreHow Does Piaget s Stage Theory Account For Children s Cognitive Development?1576 Words   |  7 PagesHow does Piaget’s stage theory account for children’s cognitive development? Jean Piaget (1896-1980) had a stage theory about cognitive development and how it works with children. There are 4 stages to this theory; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. Piaget emphasised that they occur in this order. (Smith, Cowie, Blades, 2015, p. 446). He considered the fact that the way child’s mind develops, intellectually, is a continuous process of Assimilation and AccommodationRead MorePiaget vs. Vygotsky1120 Words   |  5 PagesThe theory of cognitive development is defined as the development of the ability to think and reason. There are many theorists who have studied cognitive theories and the most famous is Jean Piaget. Cognitive development covers the physical and emotional stages of a child. The basic premise for cognitive development is to show the different stages of the development of a child so you can understand where the child might be in their development. Understanding cognitive development will betterRead MoreDiscuss Piagets theory of cognitive development1235 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Discuss Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development Cognitive Development can be defined as the development of thought processes. This includes thinking, concept understanding, problem solving, and decision making and remembering from childhood on to adulthood. There are two theories of Cognitive development that offer us two different ways of understanding it. The first is called Domain general. This theory states that one line of development determines all of the changes in a child’sRead MorePiaget And Vygotsky Theory Of Cognitive Development Essay826 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept of cognitive development and, highlight both Piaget and Vygotsky’s theory as it relates to cognitive development, and the significant differences between them. The term cognitive development refers to the process of growth and change in intellectual, mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning and understanding. It comprises of the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge. Infants draw on social-emotional, language, motor, and perceptual experience and abilities for cognitive developmentRead MoreCritically examine the contribution of Jean Piaget to our understanding of child development.1321 Words   |  6 PagesJean Piaget to our understanding of child development. Until the mid 1900 s psychologists had no useful theory for explaining how children s minds change as they age. Psychologists interested in this field either has to study it in relation to behaviourism, which emphasises that children merely receive information from the environment, or in relation to the IQ testing approach, which emphasises individual differences in children s development. However developmental psychologist Jean Piaget bornRead Morejean piaget1284 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Jean Piaget Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) was employed at the Binet Institute in the 1920s, where his job was to develop French versions of questions on English intelligence tests. He became intrigued with the reasons children gave for their wrong answers on the questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrect answers revealed important differences between the thinking of adults and children. Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive

Three Waves Of Feminism Essay - 1406 Words

A Brief History Of The Three Waves Of Feminism Seeing the title the first thing that comes to our mind is â€Å" What is Feminism†? feminism is a belief where a woman s needs and their contributions are valued. It’s based on the social, political and economical equality for women. It is also described as a movement. Where women are fighting for their right since evolution. Now, what about the word â€Å"wave†? The word â€Å"wave† which categorizes feminism because it illustrates the forward motion- of the women s movements. It helps to understand this movement in by thinking of the motion of an actual wave (in towards the sand, then back out). Feminism is a revolution which makes man and women equal in every boundary. Status of women was lower†¦show more content†¦The press responded arrogantly following the convention, but the event was the beginning of a new era. Following getting, suffrage women also got their right to inherit property, child custody, and wage retention. The word â€Å"FE MINISM† came from France to the United States, but not all suffragists wanted them to call as such. A lot of them only wanted their right to vote but they did not want to get complete equality. After almost 40 years congress sanctioned the 19th Amendment, permitting women the right to vote (Cristen). The success of the first wave encouraged many women to come forward and fight for their own rights. After gaining the right to vote women became more and more concerned about their being. They thought to themselves â€Å"Now what?†. That was the initial time when the second wave began to happen.The second wave basically widens the first wave discussion with issues like their sexuality, family, childcare, rape, domestic violence, reproductive rights etc (Cristen). One of the most important roots of the second wave was during the time of World War II. As many men flew overseas to fight the war women gained their positions at work. At this time labor union got stronger as women got employed increasingly. During the 20th century, new work benefits became available to women. After the war ended when some of the men came back they were treated differently and they eventuallyShow MoreRelatedThe Feminist Theory Of Animal Studies924 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature review will not exp lore the connections of animal studies within queer theory due to insufficient research, though the connections among homophobia, speciesism, and animality are abundant and relevant to the discussions presented in this essay. While there are notable authors and scholars within the field of animal studies in feminist theory (see Carol Adams and Josephine Donovan), it is still relatively unestablished. This theoretical paper will examine the prominent discourses in animalRead MoreThe Second Wave Of Women s Rights Movement Essay786 Words   |  4 Pagesmovements. Furthermore it is split into three waves to present the difference in time and show how much it has evolved. The first wave was in the mid 19th century to early 20th century. They focused on women’s suffrage, their right to work, education rights, etc. The second wave was in the 60s; this is when they addressed broader perspectives. To include birth control, abortion, rape, pornography, etc. The third wave began in the 1990s and was a response to the second wave, as they only focused on strugglesRead MoreFeminism Throughout History1698 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism Throughout history, women around the globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult to them because of patriarchy, an ideology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and thisRead MoreThe Political And Cultural Challenges That Feminists Have Contested Over Time Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pagesthe history of feminism into three waves; first, second and third. The first wave concentrated on women’s suffrage, the second wave focused on political and cultural disparities and the third wave analysed the definitions of femininity which takes a broad view of white upper class women. This essay will compare and contrast these waves examining the social, political and cultura l challenges that feminists have contested over time. It will also discuss whether or not a fourth wave exists and seeksRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald877 Words   |  4 PagesAn issue that is widespread in culture today and sometimes completely misconceived, feminism is simply the idea that all people should have equal rights and opportunities, no matter their gender or race. This paper will look into two cultural texts from different time periods and analyse them through a feminist perspective, discussing the producers’ use of women in the works and feminist or anti-feminist ideas. This paper will first look at the novel The Great Gatsby (Fitzgerald, F, S, 1925), analysingRead MoreFeminism : A Feminist Perspective1083 Words   |  5 PagesFeminism is an interesting topic to cover. Feminism is often associated with or assumed to be radical feminism, despite the fact that they are two different mindsets. Feminism, in its purest sense, is the seeking of gender equality in society. It seeks to go against the idea of male supremacy and gender stereotypes, saying that both of the two are oppressive and uncalled for. Radical feminism tends to have more to do with the concept of patriarchy, saying that female dominance has been â€Å"historicallyRead More`` Like A Girl `` Is Not An Insult1481 Words   |  6 Pageseveryday lives. In this essay, I completed an in-depth analysis of the full, three-minute version of the #LikeAGirl advertisement. My analysis includes a particular focus on this ad from a feministic perspective in an attempt to illustrate the role of t he #LikeAGirl campaign in undermining masculine hegemony and challenging the negative gender stereotypes that are still so pervasive within our society today. Method In order to complete this analysis, I watched the full, three-minute version of theRead MoreCivil Disobedience And Deliberative Democracy1550 Words   |  7 Pagespresent throughout history, especially in the new constitutional era, such as fees must fall. In this essay I will consider this concept of civil disobedience, especially in a South African context as well as considering a quote by Jurgen Habermas in an article by William Smith titled Civil Disobedience and Deliberative Democracy. Io will also look at philosophical theories such as liberalism and feminism in relation to the above move mentioned extract. 2 What is civil disobedience? According to JohnRead MoreThe Historical Development Of Feminism1452 Words   |  6 Pagesthe historical development of feminism. We will focus on how race, class, gender, etc. have changed over time and how these social variables play a role in the feminist movement. In addition, we will look at a number of sources including Sheryl Sandberg’s controversial view on feminism and what feminism means in regards to the sources. Lastly, we will examine the role of both male and female feminists. What exactly is feminism? According to the Urban dictionary, feminism is defined as â€Å"the advocacyRead MoreWomen s Movement Of The United States1438 Words   |  6 Pagescreated equal.† Among the 13 resolutions set forth in Stanton’s â€Å"Declaration† was the goal of achieving the â€Å"sacred† right of franchise.†3 The sometimes-fractions suffrage movement that grew out of the Seneca Falls meeting proceeded in successive waves. Initially, women reformers addressed social and institutional barriers that limited women’s rights; including family responsibilities, a lack of educational and economic opportunities and the absence of a voice in political debates. Stanton and Susan

Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications Free Essays

By definition, integrated marketing communications is a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan. Such plan evaluates the strategic roles of a variety of communications disciplines and combines these disciplines to provide clarity, consistency, and maximum impact through the seamless integration of individual discrete messages. Considering that (a) the mass market can be fragmented into a multitude of mini-markets (with each mini-market requiring its own approach), (b) there is continuous proliferation of new types of media, and (c) there is growing sophistication of consumers, it is clear that there is definitely a need for marketers to utilize a wide range of communication tools to efficiently deliver messages to specific audiences. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marketers should therefore combine personal and non-personal communication channels to achieve maximum impact (i.e., employing multiple-vehicle, multiple-stage campaigns). Hence, it is clearly imperative for companies to move toward integrated marketing communications, and the absence of which results in uncoordinated communications and image diffusion. A comprehensive integrated marketing communications plan can produce stronger message consistency. It can also help to build brand equity as well as create greater sales impact. Furthermore, it can unify the company’s brand images and messages as they come through multiple company activities. In simpler terms, IMC improves the company’s ability to reach the right customers with the right messages at the right time in the right place. How to cite Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications, Essay examples

Red Bull Maketing Plan free essay sample

Red Bull is an energy drink found by Dietrich Mateschitz in Austria in 1984 and began to sell there in 1987 with special marketing strategy, which opened up a new product category in the world in the meantime. Red Bull now contains four types including the original Red Bull energy drink and the other one of sugar-free, the Red Bull energy shot and Red Bull Cola. With increasing demands of Red Bull, it soon expanded to more regions leading to more than 162 nowadays. In Hong Kong, Red Bull energy drink has been available since 1999. Red Bull believes its unique marketing concept can conquer the world. This marketing plan outlines the Company marketing strategies as follows. (10) 3. Strategic Focus and Plan Three aspects of corporate strategy that affect the marketing plan are: i) the mission, ii) goals, and iii) core competency of Red Bull. Mission The mission of Red Bull is to be a premier marketer that its products are distributed across the world (Europe, US and Asia). We will write a custom essay sample on Red Bull Maketing Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hong Kong is the stepping-stone to China helping achieve the mission. Goals (1) * To be the leading position in selling functional beverages in Hong Kong * To rebuild customer relationship Core Competency and Sustainable Competitive Advantage In terms of core competency, Red Bull has its well-known sports team and unique appealing wings team as promotion strategies which already gave an impressive image to the public and its slogan is also well-known. Furthermore, the scientific reports of functions about consuming Red Bull. Among unfavourable factors, the main weakness is the high price in selling the product. Threats include the great health concern by the public when they consume Red Bull energy drinks that may lead to easier shift of other brands. Industrial Analysis: Trends(9, 10) There are statistics showing the increasing consumption of functional drinks. For instance, Otsuka Pharmaceutical was the leadership of Sport and Energy Drinks with 46% off-trade volume share in 2010 which implied an increase from 2009 Competitors in the energy drink market. Competitors in functional drinks market (6) The main competitors of functional beverage sellers in Hong Kong are Pocari Sweat (38%), Lucozade (35%), Red Bull (18%) and Lipovitan D (less than 9%) Company Analysis Dietrich Mateschitz has been advised by the highly groups of a marketing firm which created the buzz marketing plan, an unique marketing strategy of driving mini-coopers to give samples to target nightclubs and students. This has been proven to success that encourage them to give out a try the awareness of many college students (4). This is not only cost effective but earns the appeal from the people around. Since 1987, the Company has been the sole supplier of the Red Bull energy drinks with which it helps maintain the consistency of high quality required. Moreover, the great volume (with 4. 2 billions consumed world-wide in 2010) has increased production efficiencies, leading to a gradual decrease in the cost of goods sold. (10) Customer Analysis Referring to customer analysis, the following part portrays (1) the characteristics of customers expected to buy Red Bull drinks and (2) health and nutrition concerns of the general public. Customer characteristics. The major target groups are mainly youngsters and re categorized into sportsman, students, workers, drivers, and people who enjoy nightlife with age from 15 -39. Health and Nutrition Concerns. Basically, Hong Kong people are very cautious about the type of food and drinks they have. From time to time, there were news about drinks of high calories reported in news TV and magazine etc. For instance, Yakult has been accused of containing too much sugar which forced the Company to offer a low-caloric Yahult. (7) Having seen this trend, Red Bull developed a sugar-free version to cater the general public in 2003 with other ingredients being constant. This especially attracts female customers to buy the drinks. 5. Market-product Focus The following describes the five-year product marketing strategies: Marketing and Product Objectives The marketing objective of Red Bull is to distribute the drinks across the world so as to be the premier marketer. * Western markets: current market will continue to be grown by maintaining brand awareness through organizing various extreme sports and fulfilling consumer need such as creating a different formula for taste like Red Bull Cola in 2008. Asian market: current Asian market will be further developed by opening up more markets in different regions and rebuilding the company image in the developed region as well. The ultimate goal is to become the premier marketer of functional beverage within 5 years. Target Market Generally, the target groups of consuming functional drinks should be youngsters aged from 15 to 35 years-old, in particular, people enjoy extreme sports, active nightlife and lifestyles. Indeed, Red Bull has differentiated the market into five groups including drivers, students, people who work in office or go out at day and night as well as playing sports (4). Points of Difference The point of difference of Red Bull to make it become the world No. 1 energy drink and differentiate with other competitors are: * The pioneer of functional drink that makes consumer feel premier and confident. * Being scientifically proved that the energy drink can really increase concentration and reaction speed, and result in increasing performance. * By owning sport teams and organizing events as part of advertising and promotion, Red Bull portrays a scene that drinking a can of Red Bull will contribute to top performance during contests. Positioning Red Bull has a very clear and unique position of Product: it appeals to different high-energy consumption groups that five groups (sports, clubbing, workers, students and drivers) as mentioned before are positioned, in particular, the youngsters aged from 15 to 39 within which 15-29 is the core target customers. Five main functions are also highlighted in consumers’ mind: increase performance, concentration and reaction speed, enhance vigilance and metabolism.

Oedipus and Antigone Essay

Oedipus and Antigone Essay Oedipus and Antigone Essay JT and Jordan Argument 3 Block 2 Antigone Is Justified Antigone was courageous and willing to die for her cause. She thinks burying her brother was the right thing to do. When she approaches her sister Ismene for help to bury Polyneices, she speaks fearlessly about her willingness to die for her cause, â€Å"But if I must bury him, and if I must die, I say that this crime is holy, I shall lie down with him in death and I shall be as dear to him as he to me† (1.2.57-60). She disobeyed Creon and buried Polyneices anyway, knowing that the punishment was death. She places dust on the body only to have it removed by the sentries, than again by the gods and the storm. When confronted about it, Antigone she responds saying, â€Å"Creon is not strong enough to stand in my way† (1.2.36). She isn’t afraid of Creon and she won’t let him hold her back. She isn’t afraid to die for her brother and what she thinks is right. She will fight to the death to try to prove she is right and what she is doing is fair. Later i n the play, when she is arrested, Creon confronts Antigone. She says to Creon, â€Å"I knew I must die, even without your decree, I am only mortal, and if I must die now, before it is my time to die, surely there is no hardship: can anyone living, as I live, with all evil about me, think death less than a friend? † (1.2.73-75). She stands firm even before the highest ruler of Thebes. She doesn’t try to run away from what she did. She didn’t deny what she did. She stood in front of Creon

Accommodations for Students With Special Needs

Accommodations for Students With Special Needs Rarely are there specific lesson plans for special education. Teachers take existing lesson plans and provide either accommodations or modifications to enable the student with special needs to have optimum success. This tip sheet will focus on four areas where one can make special accommodations to support special needs students in the inclusive classroom. Those four areas include: 1.) Instructional Materials 2.) Vocabulary 2.) Lesson Content 4.) Assessment Instructional Materials Are the materials you select for the instruction conducive to meeting the child(ren) with special needs?Can they see, hear, or touch the materials to maximize learning?Are the instructional materials selected with all of the students in mind?What are your visuals and are they appropriate for all?What will you use to demonstrate or simulate the learning concept?What other hands-on materials can you use to ensure that the students with needs will understand learning concepts?If you are using overheads, are there extra copies for students who need to see it closer or have it repeated?Does the student have a peer that will help? Vocabulary Do the students understand the vocabulary necessary for the specific concept you are going to teach?Is there a need to focus first on the vocabulary prior to starting the lesson?How will you introduce the new vocabulary to the students?What will your overview look like?How will your overview engage the students? Lesson Content Does your lesson focus completely on the content, does what the students do extend or lead them to new learning? (Wordsearch activities rarely lead to any learning)What will ensure that the students are engaged?What type of review will be necessary?How will you ensure that students are understanding?Have you built in time for a breakout or change in activity?Many children have difficulty sustaining attention for lengthy periods of time. Have you maximized assistive technology where appropriate for specific students?Do the students have an element in choice for the learning activities?Have you addressed the multiple learning styles?Do you need to teach the student specific learning skills for the lesson? (How to stay on task, how to keep organized, how to get help when stuck etc).What strategies are in place to help re-focus the child, continue to build self-esteem and prevent the child from being overwhelmed? Assessment Do you have alternate means of assessment for students with special needs (word processors, oral or taped feedback)?Do they have a longer timeline?Have you provided checklists, graphic organizers, or/and outlines?Does the child have reduced quantities? In Summary Overall, this may seem like a lot of questions to ask yourself to ensure that all students have maximized learning opportunities. However, once you get into the habit of this type of reflection as you plan each learning experience, you will soon be a pro at ensuring the inclusional classroom works as best as it can to meet your diverse group of students. Always remember that no two students learn the same, be patient, and continue to differentiate both instruction and assessment as much as possible.

Urban Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Urban Sociology - Essay Example Urban Sociology After some time we have seen that the lock on the main door was broken & the door is open.As the problem becomes big & big it is very hard to solve the problem and also the control the reoccurrence of the problem. Due to lack of time we are not able to repair the lock & the door remain open. After some time we found the glasses fixed on windows are also broken and the floor of the house is full of waste material. Time to time the condition of the house became worst. The material inside the house was theft and every thing was broken within a short span of time. If the lock of the door was repaired in time then definitely there will not be such damage in the house. So the broken window theory clearly state that if we take action initially then we can prevent big damage and crime. For this State of New Jersey announced a "Safe and Clean Neighborhoods Program designed to improve the quality of community life in twenty-eight cities. According to this program, police officer should move in the city without vehicle means they need to move on foot to minimize crime. The objective is to secure the citizen. Citizens in the foot patrol areas had a more favorable opinion of the police than did those living elsewhere. And officers walking beats had higher morale, greater job satisfaction, and a more favorable attitude toward citizens in their neighborhoods than did officers assigned to patrol cars. Jacob found the relationship between the environmental factors and the people. Jacob found how physical & social urban factor affect the life of people. Jacob discovered how environmental factors cause prevention of crime. Jacob hypothesized that urban residential crime could be prevented by reducing conditions of anonymity and isolation in that area. Jacob thought that crime rate is increasing due to attitude of the people towards their neighbors. Even neighbors do not recognize each others. That's why they do not know whether the stranger entering into the society is a member o f society or not. Jocb stated that high levels of natural surveillance created a safe environment. According to Jacob one of our best protections against crime is to live in a community where neighbors watch out for each other and stand ready to call the police or to intervene directly where they spot a criminal. (c.) Explain Duneier's criticism of the broken windows theory as applied to the Greenwich Village vendors and panhandlers he studied. Greenwich vendors & panhandlers were first studied by Jane Jacobs in 1961, after that she wrote a book "The Death and Life of Great American Cities, which represented Greenwich Village sidewalk interaction as the ideal for what makes up a "great" American city. Duneier revisited the Jacobs principal by went back to the neighborhood. On the sidewalk, he studied the vendors who are not having houses, scavengers, and panhandlers. While side walking he found that the people are filled with illegality, personal defect, and shame and also a world of mutual support, struggles for respectability, ingenuity, and resilience. Duneier's main agenda was to understand the ways in which "moral" behavior and "decency" affects the crime. He also found that the sidewalk was quite different than it was when Jacobs described it, when "eyes and ears upon the street" were presumed to make sidewalk life safe and comfortable. His method was participant observation, and he worked as a magazine scavenger and street vendor on and off during

China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

China - Research Paper Example Taoism, Confucianism and other traditional beliefs are practiced by a quarter of the population. We can also see a small number of them are Christians, Muslims and Buddhists. It should be noted that since the nineteenth century there has been active catholic and protestant ministries but the progress to convert Chinese people to this religions has not been that effective. China has seven main dialects; these are mandarin, Hakka, Gan, Xiang, Cantonese, Wu, and Min. Mainland China has Putonghua the type of Mandarin that is based on the speech as its official national language. When writing the language in text it is symbol based. Just as geographical aspects and ethnic diversity influence the Chinese life so does it also affect the cuisine aspect. Cantonese way of cooking is among the main styles and comprises of Sezchuan and stir-fried dishes. Sezchuan mostly relies on using peanuts, ginger and sesame paste, it is well known for its spiciness. Fan is the Chinese word referring to rice but it also means meal. Rice is a staple food for the Chinese as well as scallions, bean sprouts and cabbage. Their consumption of meat is little but they occasionally indulge in chicken or pork. Their main source of protein is tofu. The rich mystical and spiritual history surrounding China plays a great role in their art. Many of the artistic pieces such as paintings and sculptures depict spiritual Buddhism figures. Music is also an integral part in their lives and some of the instruments such as the flute-like xun and the guqin are evidence. These instruments are in the Zither family. Musical history of the Chinese culture dates back to the beginning of its existence. Many of the movies we watch in theaters and at times in the comfort of our homes by the Chinese people show the kung-fu form of martial arts which has its birthplace in china. Chinese ancestors from ancient times were philosophers and avid writers especially in the famous Ming and Qing dynasties which is clearly ref lected in the liturgical history of china that is very rich. The beginning of the lunar year is marked by the spring festival which is also the largest festival taking place between mid-January and mid February. This is considered a time to honor the ancestors. The celebration lasts for fifteen days during which the children thoroughly clean their homes signifying a new beginning or a fresh start. Fireworks mark the holiday together with parades of dancers dressed as dragons. A great number of people make pilgrimages to the birthplace of Confucius in the province of Shandong. This is mostly during his birthday on September twenty eighth. People in China also observe the birthday of the goddess of mercy, Guanyin by visiting Taoist temples. It takes place between the months of late March and late April. The goddess of the sea known as Mazu or Tainhou has her birthday being celebrated in the months of May or June. In September or October they celebrate the Moon festival with moon gazin g, paper lanterns and fireworks. Edward L Davis’s book, the encyclopedia of contemporary Chinese culture has a great deal of historical information that is very educative but on a more important note it enlightens the reader about modern China. This book is a plethora on diverse aspects of culture in regards to the Chinese people and the author also did not forget to put into light the major cities that are present in China such as

Issues in the Hospitality Industry

Issues in the Hospitality Industry November 2006 At the recent ISHC Annual Conference held in Miami, Florida, ISHC members participated in a series of roundtable discussions to identify the ISHC Top Ten Issues in the Hospitality Industry for 2007. This year the debate included in-depth discussions on over 100 different issues with 27 making the ballot for the final vote by the members. Ultimately, the following Top Ten Issues were identified as ones that can be expected to potentially have the greatest impact on the industry in 2007. ISHC Top Ten Issues in the Hospitality Industry for 2007 Labor Skills Shortages Growing shortage of qualified skilled employees Construction Costs Escalation of construction renovation costs Technology Lightening speed of changes keeping up Changing Demographics Their Impact on Travel Trends Shift in baby-boomers to gen X Future of Hotel Profits Balancing escalating expenses with the need to increase rates Branding Mitigating consumer confusion over brand proliferation and investor concerns over cross brand impact Distribution Revolution Keeping up with rapidly changing playing field Travel Restrictions And their impact on the travel industry Global Emerging Markets Are travel patterns changing Capital Availability Will investor and lender confidence continue #1 ISHC Top Ten Issue LABOR SKILLS SHORTAGE The problem of attracting and retaining qualified workers, once an issue only in an isolated number of markets, is increasingly becoming a global challenge.. Demography, wage levels, failure to adequately address worker satisfaction and a reputation for long hours and low pay are all cited as contributing factors. Creative hospitality professionals have begun to develop innovative strategies for capturing and keeping high quality workers. Why cant we find good people? Its become a global concern, the number one issue confronting our industry. Here are some of the causes: Demographics Population growth rates have been slowing in Europe, the U.S. and elsewhere for decades so the number of workers leaving the workforce now exceeds those that are entering. The aging workforce moving into retirement is creating a huge void that can only be expected to grow larger going forward. Lagging Wage Rates. Long criticized for paying salaries and wages below those common in other industries, hospitality companies are increasingly finding it difficult to attract and retain qualified candidates willing to attract standard wages. Industry Reputation Like it or not, the hospitality industry has not done enough to earn a reputation as a top career choice for college graduates. Notorious for long hours, night and weekend shifts our industry has Gen-Xers and Gen-Yers seeking other careers with a perceived higher quality of life and better wages. De-emphasis on Training and Worker Satisfaction Following the worldwide dip in demand that followed 9/11, many hotel companies failed to fully restore training and worker enrichment programs that marked the 1980s and 90s. This comes at a time when lodging brands are increasingly adding amenities and services in order to differentiate themselves from competitors. What can we do about it? As an industry, we need to work together to develop strategies for rethinking and rehabilitating our industrys image as an exciting and rewarding career choice. There was a time not too long ago when people joined the hospitality industry for its glamour. Globally, we need to share best practices for training and retention and make industry sponsored educational programs more readily available to employees at every organizational level. Industry organizations including the International Hotel and Restaurant Association and the American Hotel and Lodging Association Educational Institute provide excellent training libraries as well as web based training programs. Additionally, there are some outstanding independent firms that specialize in human resource training and development-some of which also offer excellent proprietary training materials. Meanwhile, following are some thoughts to share regarding potential opportunities for hotels to meet the labor challenge? Grow Your Own. Hotel companies need to develop internal programs to create attractive career paths so that potential candidates see employment as a professional development opportunity with real potential for advancement. Recruiting for entry level positions is easier when the recruiter can outline a career path and can point to managers who have worked their way up from line positions. Marriott has been doing this better than anyone for decades. Guest Workers. The U.S. and many other nations offer guest worker programs that can provide seasonal workers for up to ten months. One well-known US resort brings over two hundred workers from Jamaica each spring to fill various positions under the U.S. H-2B Visa program. These individuals stay through the resort season, with many returning year after year. Similarly, Disney uses the J-1 Visa program to bring young college graduates from all over the world for 18-month internships in entry level supervisory and guest contact positions at its US hotels and theme parks. Pay for Productivity. Hospitality is a labor intensive business and automation opportunities are often limited. Reconfiguring work process and then sharing the benefits of increased productivity can have positive results. One hotel General Manager provides a cash bonus split among the workers in his hotels laundry department for reaching a monthly productivity goal calculated in pounds processed per labor hour. At another hotel Room Attendants are offered a menu of options to receive additional pay for increased productivity so long as strict quality guidelines are met. Job Enlargement. Cross-training and cross-utilization arent new concepts, but theyre good ones. One hotel company of note has a certification program for all its employees. Employees are expected to master the skills for their own positions, but receive pay raises when theyve become certified in other jobs. These multi-talented employees can fill in where needed in peak times and have their own horizons broadened through cross departmental training. In todays environment, operators are increasingly finding they must compete for workers as hard as they compete for customers. Developing a positive work environment with real opportunities for advancement, combined with creative strategies for recruiting and improving employee productivity will all be increasingly essential skills as the workforce continues to shrink in the foreseeable future. # 2 ISHC Top Ten Issue CONSTRUCTION COSTS All construction costs and the costs for furnishings, fixtures and equipment (FFE) will continue to escalate in 2007, although at a pace a little slower than experienced in the period from 2004 through 2006. According to the Associated General Contractors of America, construction costs, driven primarily by materials costs, spiked dramatically in 2004. The annual increase for construction materials in general was approximately 10 percent in 2004, followed by 6.0- percent and 8.8-percent increases in 2005 and 2006, respectively. This compares to increases of 3.8 percent in the consumer price index and 3.7 percent in the producer price index for the period from August 2005 to August 2006. In 2004 and 2005, these two latter indices experienced annual increases averaging about 4.0 percent. The outlook for the future is for more of the same, although at a somewhat slower pace. For example, steel prices experienced a 48.8-percent increase in 2004, which was preceded by significant increases in scrap iron and steel prices in 2002 and 2003. Steel prices held steady in 2005 but jumped again in 2006. They are expected to increase again in 2007 and beyond as demand for steel from construction projects in China and India increases. Scrap iron and steel prices have increased approximately 20 percent in the past twelve months. Other important factors contributing to the increases in construction costs include the cost of diesel fuel used for transportation of both raw and finished goods. Some relief has occurred recently, with fuel costs dropping in tandem with crude oil prices have dropped. But uncertainties of supply in crude oil markets and the somewhat tenuous situation in OPEC nations both economically and politically indicate continuing volatility in future pricing. Further, winter temperatures in 2006-07 could alter the balance between diesel and heating oil production, causing a price escalation in one or both of these fuels. Concrete prices are expected to continue to increase spurred by the ongoing increases in cement, aggregate and the fuel necessary to mine or extract these components. The recent downturn in the residential construction industry may moderate concrete price increases, but the impact of ongoing construction in China and India may more than offset these influences. The anticipated increase in the number of hotels currently in the development pipeline will certainly be affected by construction cost increases. Clearly, rising costs will have an impact on budgeting for new development or renovation projects. Construction contractors, particularly smaller ones, may not be able to offer guaranteed-maximum construction contracts, because they may not have the purchasing power to secure materials at favorable or fixed prices. Even the larger contractors are likely to hedge their contract quotes with provisions that shift the risk of increasing materials costs to the developer. This will affect every aspect of a construction project, particularly the scheduling of sub-contractors and deliveries of materials. Developers will be eager to adhere to a tight project schedule, while contractors will often be at the mercy of the materials suppliers as well as the availability of materials themselves. Faced with this situation, what can a developer or owner do to protect its interests? The following strategies may provide some ideas for further consideration and even innovation: Increase the use of pre-fabricated components in new construction; this may accelerate the overall development timeline; Evaluate materials specifications carefully to ensure the most appropriate and cost-effective materials are being used; Ensure that construction project management is fully qualified and up to speed on new developments in the materials supply arena; Value engineer the projects design and specifications thoroughly, and then do it again; Ensure design standards and space programming make maximum use of as much building area as possible for revenue-producing activities. By constantly monitoring changes in the markets for both construction materials and labor costs, and planning projects with extreme care, a developer or owner can protect its interests and ensure that a project has a better-than-even chance of being completed on time and on budget. # 3 ISHC Top Ten Issue TECHNOLOGY Despite a growing awareness of the value of modern, integrated systems, many properties still do not take advantage of them as fully as they might to maximize revenue opportunities. Many also fail to support and secure them to the extent appropriate to the value of their data and to the legal consequences of that data becoming stolen or corrupted. A significant factor restricting wider adoption is the challenge of improving the systems ease of use as they continue to grow in functionality, in both operational and guest-facing areas. All of these issues support a trend to outsourcing the more complex operational functions and system security to expert, central staff, either corporate or third party. The major factors involved are: the complexity of the hotel environment, which historically has required many different systems to interact with each other, a lack of awareness of how much efficiency could be improved through the use of modern integrated systems, a historic preference for investing funds in FFE rather than in the systems themselves or in regular training for their users, and the difficulty of providing comprehensive, expert technical support at the individual property level for the multiple systems used there. Hospitality management systems have evolved into sophisticated, well integrated, multi-discipline tools capable of helping properties of all types and sizes attract more guests, generate more revenue and reach much-improved levels of efficiency. Years of development in expanding the capabilities of individual systems, together with improvements in both interface technology and vendor cooperation, have produced far more comprehensive and better-integrated systems that can now cover virtually all areas of even a complex resort property or a multi-property chain. This brings obvious benefits from having more complete and accurate data, both operationally and in regard to guests profile and history information. However, many properties handicap themselves through hanging on to systems well past their competitively useful life, greatly restricting their ability to implement such revenue-enhancing measures as taking Internet reservations, performing effective rate/revenue management, collecting more detailed guest data for customer relationship management and targeted marketing, and so on. Sometimes this comes from a lack of appreciation of their potential upside, but there is also often apprehension about the difficulty of integrating older but still valuable systems into a more modern, integrated whole. Current interface technologies go a long way to alleviating this issue, but many properties have found that the benefits from replacing valued older systems with a more comprehensive, integrated system outweigh the possible loss of some minor functionality. Another factor discouraging upgrades is that the more comprehensive systems can seem challenging to use. Certainly good user interface design, as much an art as a science, is something vendors continue to pursue through better data layouts, property-specific screen customizations, the subtle use of color and differing fonts to guide users through the logical sequence of operations, and so on. This is likely to be a continuing challenge in both guest and operations technology. Check-in kiosks and guestroom technology, for example, must be as intuitive to use as possible, for a wide range of guest ages and technical familiarity. Nevertheless, as far as hotel-management systems are concerned the disadvantages of an unintuitive user interface can be overcome through user training, yet many hotels handicap their users by not providing refresher training on at least an annual basis. In an industry with traditionally high staff turnover this virtually guarantees that the systems wont be used effectively, hindering the property from realizing the full return on its investment and maximizing its revenue. Further, as systems become more comprehensive and wide-ranging their support and security management become both more complex and more essential. Loss of access to the system through hardware, software or network failure is completely disruptive since equivalent manual procedures are now virtually impossible to implement quickly. It is very difficult for an individual property to afford in-house technical support personnel trained in all the systems it uses, yet many properties do not have support agreements with third party vendors that might pro-actively prevent imminent problems. More importantly, guest profile data is becoming an increasingly attractive target for identity theft, and attacks on computer systems containing it are becoming more focused and more sophisticated. In addition, legislation such as Sarbanes-Oxley holds corporate officers personally accountable for the accuracy of their financial data. Despite these factors, many systems do not provide audit trails of which user changed key configuration parameters. Further, although all systems track the user ID responsible for changes to guest data, many hotels fail to enforce control over the sharing of IDs and passwords among users, making it impossible to know who entered or modified specific data or sometimes even just whos signed on to the network. All of these factors encourage the movement towards more professional systems management; either from a corporate resource team shared among many properties or contracted out to a professional third party. Centralized revenue management teams, for example, can provide expert help to multiple properties in a regionally cohesive way. Centrally-hosted systems allow for highly-qualified technicians to provide a far more secure and managed systems environment than would be available to an individual property. This trend is expected to continue as awareness grows of the value of keeping systems operating at peak efficiency, and of the potential damage from security breaches. # 4 ISHC Top Ten Issue CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS THE IMPACT ON TRAVEL TRENDS The impact of changing demographics on travel trends is a so far reaching no sector in travel, tourism and hospitality remains unaffected. Whether the subject is the gradual retirement of baby boomers, rampant globalization and its impact on business travel, or the increased demand for experiential travel, the dramatic worldwide shift in demographics poses both challenges and opportunities. These recent and ongoing changes in the demographic environment hold major implications for the hospitality industry in particular. With regard to product and service offerings, hoteliers need to begin a strategy that addresses multi-generational needs, wants and desires. Now, more than ever, hoteliers must offer design and amenities that cater to the special needs of aging consumers (Baby Boomers), as well as younger travelers (Gen-X and Gen-Y), who have high expectations in regard to design and technology. The traditional practice of brand standardization flies in the face of this. Hoteliers must adapt and look for ways to enhance all guest experiences regardless of generation. On January 1, 2006 the first of Americas seventy-eight million baby boomers turned sixty-years old, while the last one turned forty. In fact, nearly 8,000 boomers are turning sixty on a daily basis, and according to US Census Bureau statistics, the number of boomers expected to be living in the year 2030 is 57.8 million. This is the year boomers will be between ages 66 and 84. What does this milestone mean for hoteliers? It means changing the way we have traditionally connected with the so-called senior market. Primarily because boomers will not grow old quietly as previous generations have. This is the generation that has, and will continue to redefine the traditional ideas of aging. Boomers will be more active in their retirement, firmly believing that 50s and 60s are now middle age. This is primarily due to longer life expectancies and significant improvements to overall health and well-being. Although boomers will continue to be important in both population and economical terms, the younger markets (the 49 million Gen Xers and 72 million Gen Y set) are now coming into their own, entering middle management positions, stepping into political offices, and assuming their rightful positions of influence and affluence. It is important for hoteliers to bring the generations together and begin to serve their different habits, patterns and needs. The successful model for true solutions will require long lead times, but here are some suggested approaches. Adopt a universal design approach that includes lower beds, brighter lighting, larger fonts, and walk-in showers that are all easier to use, yet hip, cool and high-tech so that younger consumers are drawn to their design. Offer choices that give customer options rather than pre-determined packages. Create experiences versus tours. This allows individuals or multi-generational groups to determine what best works and appeals to them. High-tech guestrooms must become the norm rather than the exception. Today, its all about Internet access, wireless environments, and flat-screen TVs on the walls. But hoteliers must strive to keep up with the relevant technology that is not only expected from the business traveler, but also the leisure and younger sets. The continual widespread adoption of technology by the public will continue to have impact on the consumer expectation of their hotel experience. While there will be an increase in health travel offerings targeting the aging population such as medical spas, the offerings should also include elements of adventure, spirituality, or stress management that will appeal to younger markets. And finally, consider creating a panel of half a dozen or more people from different age and cultural groups who are willing to talk with you on a regular basis about their concerns and experiences, while giving you honest feedback on your products and services. Only by knowing how the motivations of your customers are tied to the underlying values of the generation to which they belong will you be able to tailor your products and services to their needs, interests, and desires. Applied knowledgeably, that information will provide you with a key competitive advantage. # 5 ISHC Top Ten Issue THE FUTURE OF HOTEL PROFITS We can anticipate that it will become increasingly difficult to sustain profit growth and improved return on investment performance. And for several reasons including:1) increasing operating costs that will outpace the growth of Revenues Per Available Room (RevPAR). 2) the rising costs of capital and the need for reinvestment that will adversely affect hotel returns. 3) Increasing labor and benefits costs that are being driven by changes in demographics, government regulations and labor agreements, and 4) higher energy costs. In the US for example, according to Smith Travel Research, RevPAR growth has been robust over the last three years reaching a projected peak in 2006 at 8.9 percent. While there is some debate about exactly where the industry is in the current cycle, there appears to be a consensus that RevPAR growth has peaked. For 2007 Smith Travel Research is projecting growth of 7.1 percent, and with the threat of increased supply looming on the horizon, year over year RevPAR growth is expected to continue to decline. Rising interest rates and higher equity return requirements are anticipated to result in higher costs of capital. At the same time, reinvestment costs (capital expenditures) are increasing as existing supply ages. As a consequence, profits will be reduced and owner returns are expected to decline over the next 12 to 24 months. Labor costs are the number one factor impacting hotel expenses. They are being affected by: Changes in demographics that are expected to constrict the available labor pool; Government regulations (higher minimum wages, immigration constraints, and mandated healthcare); New labor agreements that include significant increases in wages and continued limits on the ability to cross train; and Higher benefit expenses resulting from increased health insurance costs and pension requirements. In 2005, utilities grew at a rate of 13.6 percent over the prior year according to PKF Hospitality Research. While oil prices have been falling in recent months they remain slightly above 2005 levels. Utility expenses are not expected to decline significantly during 2007, and as such will remain an area of concern impacting hotel profitability into the future. In some cases, the factors that have been identified as affecting hotel profitability are out of the control of individual hotel owners and operators, however, there are steps that can be taken to mitigate their impact. For example: by giving increased attention to yield management, operators can potentially increase their RevPAR; through creative financing and diligent oversight of capital expenditures operators can increase their return on investment; improved employee retention and the use of alternate labor sources such as retirees can help to contain employee labor costs; and the installation of new energy saving devices and more efficient design can help to control energy expense. # 6 ISHC Top Ten Issue BRANDING: Mitigating Consumer Confusion over Brand Proliferation and Investor Concerns over Cross-Brand Impact As most of us involved in hotel development and operations are aware, there has been an explosion of new hotel brands/products announced over the past three to four years. Aloft, Cambria, Indigo, Waldorf-Astoria, Hyatt Place, NYLO, Viceroy, Capella, and most recently 1, are but a few examples of this rabid expansion of product type among both the major hotel franchise companies and small start-ups or spin-off management firms trying to establish themselves as a brand. But, despite all the hype and promotion surrounding the roll-out of these new hotels products, and the promise that each will be unique and different from their existing or future competition through design, price point, service levels, amenities, and/or the mattress, do the vast majority of consumers really understand all of the products? Do they want them? And what about the existing hotel franchisee or owner faced with yet another brand competitor under an existing franchise umbrella that is first viewed as splitting the pie even further? What does it do to their demand base? How about the going concern value of their asset? Today, there are an estimated 140 + hotel brands, up from approximately 80 in 1995 and estimated 110 brands in 2000. Are all these brands and choices necessary? Are more brands better, or are we merely creating more confusion for an already confused customer base? The answer is probably yes and yes, but not necessarily negative. Much of the new product being launched is attempting to capture an evolving consumer whose tastes and preferences are changing as they age. The baby boom generation, Gen Xers and Yers, Millenniums, etc., all have demographic characteristics and psychographic needs that may or may not be satisfied by todays hotel products. So the idea is that these new brands and products will better meet these consumers evolving needs in sufficient quantity to be market and financially successful. In that light, the larger issue is what to do with the brands left behind. They never seem to go away! Perhaps thats where more thought and effort should be concentrated by industry consultants, investors and franchisors. On the other hand, in the case of start-up hotel companies such as, Kor, West Paces Hotel Group, which rolled out the Solis and Capella luxury brands under the leadership of a former Ritz Carlton executive, or most recently the 1 luxury brand, begs the question as to whether there is perhaps too much equity and debt capital chasing too few deals in a hot hotel market rather than a verifiable market need for a better mouse trap. From an existing hotel franchisee/operator perspective, how do the major franchise companies protect their existing franchise partners from the impact against these new products so that the new product is not cannibalizing the existing demand base, particularly when there are 10 to 15 years left on the existing operators franchise agreement? This is an on-going issue that continues to surface, but has yet to be resolved between franchisor and franchisee. Franchisee councils, 3rd party impact studies, and areas of protection are a few of the methods used to address this complex issue, but none have proven to be a panacea. In both cases, the onslaught of new brands is a cyclical one and tends to occur during the up and peak points of the hotel cycle. So it is likely that this proliferation will subside as the industry cycle matures or begins to decline. At that point, as we have seen too often, the new brands that were ill-conceived and lacking clear definition and marketability ultimately become the weaker performers which are then often absorbed by the stronger ones. Eventually, these same brands (and all the hotels bearing their name) that fail to capture sufficient consumer interest languish and trade down the food chain of franchise companies over time, or are broken up and sold off in pieces. These thoughts would suggest that, perhaps as an industry, we should focus more on creative alternative uses for marginal brands and properties as opposed to worrying about the new ones stealing existing business. # 7 ISHC Top Ten Issue DISTRIBUTION REVOLUTION In 2006, it is estimated that $24 billion worth of hotel rooms in the US alone will be booked through internet sites representing 27% of US hotel industry room revenues up from $15.5 billion just two years ago. Moreover, industry analysts estimate an additional 25 to 30% of all hotel bookings are influenced by online research. The bottom line is that the hospitality industry continues to experience a revolution in distribution, and organizations are less and less equipped to keep pace with the dramatic changes in this online landscape. As distribution via the Internet evolved many experts agreed that online presence helped level the playing field; that independent hotels and small hotel companies could compete in cyberspace with major brands. Today, the issue is not can they compete but can any hotel or hotel company keep pace with the colossal changes and innovations that flood the online world? At the property level the first challenge was to effectively (and more efficiently) manage a myriad of distribution channels from a tactical perspective. Certainly the efforts to do a better job at the tactical side of distribution management have paid off. Although theres still room for improvement in this regard, online inventory management and better application of rate integrity policies have certainly helped hotels take back control of their inventories and pricing. The newest challenge is represented in the strategic side of distribution management and more specifically the ability to understand, manage and market to the consumer in the online world. This playing field is changing so rapidly that it is virtually impossible to keep pace. Hospitality professionals, whether they be in ownership positions, senior management at corporate or a property level executive, must become online savvy. Without some understanding of the online consumers buying behavior, it is impossible to effectively level the playing field or allocate marketing dollars intelligently. From travel blogs to consumer reviews from travel oriented social networking to highly targeted, email based direct marketing from really simple syndication (RSS permits users to subscribe to their choice of Web content) to the use of rich media to differentiate hotel productall of these innovations are causing what PhocusWright terms the power shift toward consumers. The question is: Are hotels ready for this? In many cases our collective heads are still spinning from the first wave of online distribution challenges. Now hotels must be even savvier about every aspect of how their product reaches the consumer. Directors of Sales Marketing and Directors of Revenue Management must understand at least the basics of search engine optimization, pay-per-click marketing, link popularity strategies and web traffic analysis. Allocation of marketing budgets and resources must be carefully managed to optimize reach. And the connection (and

Critial Review Extract ‘Convicts, Jailers and Colonists’ 1779-1821

Colonial Experiment 1788 – 1918 Assignment 1 – Review In the extract ‘Convicts, jailers and colonists’ 1779-1821 from the book , Sources of Australian History(1971), the Author Manning Clark uses the primary resource from Lord Sydney to the lords and commissioners of the treasury in 1786 to support the text which discusses the problem of overcrowded jails in England and the proposal for a convict colony in Australia in 1784 – 1786.The primary resource is a dispatch that was spoken by Lord Sydney to the Lords and commissioners of the treasury on the 18th of August 1786 in White hall, announcing the decision of the British Government to establish a convict colony at Botany Bay. Along with many other Books and journals such as Manning Clarks, Sources of Australian History (1971), the Dispatch from Lord Sydney was originally printed in the Historical records of New South Wales.In this review, I summarize the source and analyses what relation it has to th e historical subject as well as what the article says about the aspect of history it addresses. Critical Analysis – In the primary source Lord Sydney to the Lords and commissioners of the treasury, the text implies that Lord Sydney is speaking to the Lords of the treasury on behalf of the King for the funding of the expedition of a new settlement for convicts. The text shows that the over occupied jails in the state of Britain were so full that the king of England had decided that measures be taken immediately in relocating the convicts.Originally the idea been proposed to send the convicts to south Africa, however after sending out a scout ship it was discovered that the area that was desired for settlement was too sandy and barren among other reasons for being unfit. Lord Sydney (1786) then goes on to discuss how instead the convict settlement would be on the Land known as Botany Bay as discovered by James Cook. Lord Sydney(1786) then states on behalf of the king that the t reasury supply the money for vessels to transport 750 convicts as well as Naval Crews and 3 companies of marines .It is also mentioned that a quantity of provisions for sustaining the people for two years be provided as well as ,necessaries such as bedding ,medical supplies and housing materials in order to erect habitation along with tools for agriculture and clothing also be funded as well as contingency solutions for food such as seed for growing grain and other garden seeds. Also it is noted that upon arriving at Botany bay water be procured as Lord Sydney (1786) states the plan for a vessel to stop at Cape de verda Islands as well as Cape of good hope to do so.The text has great relevance to the historical subject as because of this event Australia was colonized by The English. This Source can be considered a factual piece of historical evidence as it was a British parliamentary documented report and the decision to enforce the plan to move the convicts to Australia was a propo sal from his majesty the King. The Source is an objective piece of evidence as it is an account of what was said in British parliament and throughout the text it can be seen that during that period of time the British had planned to make the colony self-sufficient after a certain period of time in order to minimize cost .This can be seen as in the text it is stated that â€Å"According to the best opinions that can be obtained a quantity of provisions equal only to two years should be provided†. Ultimately the Source from Lord Sydney to the lords and commissioners of the treasury in 1786, is a parliamentary documented source that explains how the plan to colonize Australia was set in motion, as the text shows Lord Sydney Outlines what things such as provisions, medical supplies, bedding and Argicultultural equipment would be needed to be funded in order to make the voyage to the new Land.References Clark, M (ed) 1971, ‘Convicts, jailers and colonists 1779-1821’, In Sources of Australian History, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, pp. 60-75. Bibliography Clark, M (ed) 1971, ‘Convicts, jailers and colonists 1779-1821’, In Sources of Australian History, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, pp. 60-75. Lord Sydney to the Lords commissioners of the treasury, on the 18th of August 1786, White hall, Historical records of New South Wales, Vol. 1 pt. 2 at pp. 14 – 19

Pros Cons of Union Representation from Individual,...

Pros Cons of Union Representation from Individual, Organizational and Society Perspective The rise of unions from the 1930s through the early 1950s was due to the convergence of a number of events, an economic policy that attempted to restrict competition beginning in the 1930s, the belief that labor markets were noncompetitive and that individual workplaces were unfair and union premiums were low. The passage of favorable legislation, in the form of the Wagner Act, was a reflection of the idea that unions could actually improve the functioning of labor markets and serve as a countervailing power to big business. Over the past several decades, union membership has declined because government policy became pro-competitive, it†¦show more content†¦The result is there are few industries of the economy that are insulated from competition. As a consequence, these industries will not serve as a source of reliable rents for business and labor to negotiate over. Increased competition produces more winners than losers, but it does produce losers. Among the losers are the companies and their employees with cost structures that are above those of competitors and potential entrants. My thought is that unions do indeed raise wages above competitive levels. For a time, some researchers contended that the increase in union wages reflects an increase in productivity, but there has never been any reliable evidence to support this conjecture. The result of the wage premium is to put unionized firms at a competitive cost disadvantage. All else equal, one would expect that the union compensation premium would decline as industries became more competitive. In fact, the reverse occurred, particularly over the 1970s and early 1980s. Although the union wage premium has declined from historically high levels reached in the early 1980s, the premium or percentage wage differential is still above levels existing in earlier decades. In other words, while the American economy is much more competitive than say in the 1950s or 1960s, union wage premiums are higher toda y. The private-sectorShow MoreRelatedCulture in Negotiation7014 Words   |  29 PagesAny substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedingsRead MorePad 530 Week 1-11 Discussion Questions Solved4195 Words   |  17 PagesNews Please respond to the following: †¢ From the e-Activities, discuss the current event you reviewed from the selected agency and determine the cause of the issue, noting if the cause was due to neglected public bureaucracies from elected and appointed officials. Discuss at least two results of the issue. Follow this Format when responding: Current event and cause of the issue Place your response here! Was cause due to neglected public bureaucracies from elected and appointed officials? PlaceRead MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 PagesRestriction of output which Taylor classified into natural soldiering and systematic soldiering. e. Taylor thought maybe a supervisor could inspire or force workers to stop natural soldiering. f. Systematic soldiering resulted from group pressures for individuals to conform to output norms set by the work group. Taylor attributed this to a lump of labor theory. (Have your students define this theory and see if they can cite examples of group pressures -- at work, school, or wherever). Read MoreRecent Trends in Hrm8914 Words   |  36 PagesCONCLUSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...36 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...37 INTRODUCTION H uman resource management is a process of bringing people and organizations together so that the goals of each other are met. The role of HR manager is shifting from that of a protector and screener to the role of a planner and change agent. Personnel directors are the new corporate heroes. 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